A Guide to Common Steel Structures

Steel structures form the backbone of modern construction, and understanding the common profiles is essential for any designer or builder.

H-Beam (Universal Beam)

Named for its H shaped cross section, the H beam features an optimized area distribution with excellent strength to weight ratio. It consists of a web (the vertical middle) and flanges (the horizontal ends). H beams are produced through hot rolling or welding, making them ideal for heavy load bearing columns and beams.

I-Beam

The I beam resembles the letter "I" with a tapered flange design. Its inner flange surfaces slope at a 1:6 ratio. I beams come in standard, light, and wide flange series, with the wide flange type essentially matching the H beam category.

Channel Steel

Channel steel features a U shaped cross section. It is available in ordinary and light grades. A typical specification like 100×48×5.3 indicates a 100 mm web height, 48 mm flange width, and 5.3 mm web thickness, also referred to as 10# channel.

Rectangular Tube

Rectangular tube, or rectangular hollow section, is a hollow steel profile with a rectangular cross section. Key parameters include width (B), height (H), wall thickness (t), and length (L). These tubes are widely used for lightweight frames and support structures.

Angle Steel

Angle steel, commonly called angle iron, features two perpendicular legs forming an L shape. It comes in equal leg and unequal leg varieties, specified by leg width × leg width × thickness in millimeters. Angle steel is frequently used for bracing, brackets, and light framing.

Round Tube

Round tube is a hollow cylindrical section with an open end and a concentric circular cross section. Sizing is given by outer diameter and wall thickness. For example, a 219 mm outer diameter tube corresponds to a nominal diameter of DN200, commonly used for piping and structural columns.

Each of these profiles serves distinct purposes in construction, and selecting the right one depends on your specific load requirements, span lengths, and connection details.

For more information needed or any inquiry,please feel free to contact Yumisteel team.